DATA, INFORMATION, & INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

Information Technology (IT) is the application of computers and telecommunication equipment to store, retrieve, transmit, manipulate data, often in the context of a business or other enterprise. The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. Several industries are associated with information technology, such as computer hardware, software, electronics, internet, telecom equipment and computer services. 

Computer is a programmable machine that carries out what it has been instructed to do. Conventionally, there are a few basic operations that can be performed by a computer which is input, processing, output and storage.

Evolution of computer :

1)    First Generation (Vacuum Tube) (ENIAC, UNIVAC)

2)    Second Generation (Transistor) (IBM 1401)

3)    Third Generation (Integrated Circuit)

4)    Fourth Generation (VLSI/ULSI)

5)    Fifth Generation (Artificial Intelligence)

There are seven categories of computer which are embedded computers, mobile computers, personal computers, midrange, mainframe computers, supercomputers and ....

Data & Information

Data is raw facts while information is collection of data that is organize 

and meaningful. Information is used to influence and persuade. It can be a capital resource, especially for companies that produce information-based products and services. There are two basic elements in information. The first element is reach which mean the number of people that participate in the sharing of information, while the second element is richness which mean the amount of quality information shared in transaction.

Information Processing

Computer system use I-P-O Method to process data. This method consists of input, process and output. Input is any data insert in the computer, output is the data that has been process into a useful form whereas processing of data exist in CPU.

Information management (IM) is the collection and management of information from one or more sources and the distribution of that information to one or more audiences. IM is needed in order to managed the data and information consist in any companies, organization and institution.