INFORMATION SYSTEM

Last week we have learnt about IT, ICT and the importance of them in our everyday life. This week we learnt about IS. IS stands for Information System which is a set of elements or components. The example of IS are inputs, processing mechanism, outputs and feedback. There is one topic under IS which is Computer Based Information System (CBIS). CBIS is a software-based solution used to gather and analyse information. There are 5 types of CBIS; Transaction Processing System (TPS), Decision Support System (DSS), Expert System (ES), Management Information System (MIS) and Executive Support System (ESS). This system is usually use in companies, business and organization in order to support competitive advantage, business decision making and business operations and processes.

TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM (TPS)

TPS is a special class of information system which is designed to process business events and transaction. It can be used to support and record the transaction. It is a computerized system that performs and records the data from everyday operations throughout every division or department in the organization. Some example of business process that were supported by TPS are payroll processing system, automatic teller machine, inventory management, registration system, library loan system and many more.

There are three ways information can be entered into a TPS. The first way is by using manual method which we have to enter the information manually by hand. The second way is by using semi automated method which we have to take the information by using barcode reader or scanner. The last way is by using fully automated method which is fully computerized/machine.

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)

MIS refers to a specific type of IS that is used to produce reports to support business area of the organization. It evolved from TPS and help middle manager in decision making process. It is also known as Management Reporting System (MRS). MIS used internal data stored in computer system. Some business process that are supported by MIS are inventory management and planning, product pricing and marketing plan

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS)

DSS is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases and devices used to support problem-specific decision making. This system was designed to help managers develop solution for problem in organization. There are two type of decision. The first is unstructured decision which the decision maker has to solve the problem. And the second is structured decision/semi-structured decision which involved a definite procedure in order to make decision.

EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM (ESS/EIS)

This system is designed to support higher level of decision making in an organization. It consisted of technology and people needed to consolidate information and support users to assist executive level of decision making. Some example of business process that are supported by this system are analyse the business environment, to plan appropriate course of action and monitor the internal and external events and resources.

There are also other information systems such as office automation system, supply chain management system, vision system and customer relationship management system.